Overview

This article generates plots for all muscle-specific measures: glycogen, citrate synthase, terminal muscle mass, cross-sectional area, and capillary contacts. Brackets indicate a statistically significant difference between the means of the SED group and a trained group (1W, 2W, 4W, 8W). A significant difference is defined as 1) a Dunnett’s test p-value < 0.05 for measures of glycogen, citrate synthase, and terminal muscle mass or 2) a Holm-adjusted p-value < 0.05 for measures of cross-sectional area and capillary contacts. Please refer to the “Statistical analyses of muscle-specific measures” vignette for code to generate MUSCLES_STATS.

Data Preparation:

We apply the summary method to each emmGrid object and rename columns to work with plot_baseline. This list of objects is then converted to a single data.frame with the response column specifying which measurement is being tested.

# Reformat confidence interval data
conf_df <- map(MUSCLES_EMM, function(emm_i) {
  terms_i <- attr(terms(emm_i@model.info), which = "term.labels")
  
  out <- summary(emm_i) %>% 
    as.data.frame() %>% 
    # Rename columns for use in plot_baseline
    rename(any_of(c(lower.CL = "asymp.LCL",
                    upper.CL = "asymp.UCL",
                    response_mean = "response",
                    response_mean = "rate"))) %>% 
    mutate(group = factor(group, levels = c("SED", paste0(2 ^ (0:3), "W"))))
  
  return(out)
}) %>% 
  enframe(name = "response") %>% 
  unnest(value)

Glycogen

Muscle glycogen concentration (ng glycogen/\(\mu\)L supernatant/mg tissue).

LG

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 4.7) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 12, 2),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 12), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_LG_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M", y_position = 9.5) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 16, 4),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 16), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(12, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_LG_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 12, 2),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 12), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_LG_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M", y_position = 16.7) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 16, 4),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 16), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(12, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_LG_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

MG

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 12, 4),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 13), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(12, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_MG_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 20, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 20), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_MG_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M", y_position = 12.4) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 12, 4),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 13), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(12, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_MG_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 20, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 20), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_MG_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

PL

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 14) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 30, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 30), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_PL_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M", y_position = 13) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 25, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 25), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_PL_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 30, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 30), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_PL_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 25, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 25), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_PL_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

SOL

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 60, 10),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 64), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_SOL_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M", y_position = 27) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 35, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 35), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_SOL_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M", y_position = 50) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 60, 10),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 64), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_SOL_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "glycogen",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Glycogen", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Glycogen", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL Glycogen (ng/$\\mu$L/mg)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 35, 5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 35), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_glycogen_SOL_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

Citrate Synthase

Muscle citrate synthase concentration (U citrate synthase/\(\mu\)g protein \(\times 10^3\)).

LG

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 300) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_LG_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M", y_position = 460) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_LG_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M", y_position = 260) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_LG_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("LG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_LG_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

MG

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 275) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_MG_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M", y_position = 450) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_MG_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M", y_position = 240) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_MG_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("MG CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_MG_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

PL

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 210) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_PL_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M", y_position = 320) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_PL_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M", y_position = 210) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_PL_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("PL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_PL_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

SOL

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 310) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_SOL_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M", y_position = 450) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_SOL_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M", y_position = 230) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 350, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 350), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(16, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_SOL_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "citrate_synthase",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Citrate Synthase", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = TeX("SOL CS (U/$\\mu$g protein $\\times 10^3$)"),
                     breaks = seq(0, 500, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 530), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(17, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_citrate_synthase_SOL_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

Terminal Muscle Mass

Mass (mg) of dissected muscles.

LG

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 620) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "LG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(500, 700, 50),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(485, 700), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_LG_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "LG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(700, 1000, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(650, 1060), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_LG_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "LG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(500, 700, 50),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(485, 700), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_LG_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "LG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "LG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "LG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M", y_position = 940) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "LG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(700, 1000, 100),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(650, 1060), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_LG_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

MG

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "MG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(320, 470, 30),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(315, 472), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(10, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_MG_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "MG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(500, 750, 50),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(500, 770), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_MG_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "MG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(320, 470, 30),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(315, 472), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(10, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_MG_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "MG"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "MG"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "MG"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "MG Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(500, 750, 50),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(500, 770), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_MG_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

PL

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 218) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "PL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(160, 220, 20),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(160, 225), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(12, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_PL_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "PL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(200, 380, 40),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(200, 380), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_PL_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "PL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(160, 220, 20),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(160, 225), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(12, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_PL_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "PL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "PL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "PL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "PL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(200, 380, 40),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(200, 380), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_PL_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

SOL

6M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "6M", y_position = 101) +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "SOL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(60, 110, 10),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(60, 110), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(8, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_SOL_6M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "6M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "SOL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(80, 180, 20),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(70, 180), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_SOL_6M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Female", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "SOL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(60, 110, 10),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(60, 110), clip = "off") +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(8, 5, 5, 5), units = "pt"))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_SOL_18M_female.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_baseline(x = filter(MUSCLES, muscle == "SOL"), 
              response = "term_muscle_mass",
              conf = filter(conf_df, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                            muscle == "SOL"),
              stats = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Terminal Muscle Mass", 
                             muscle == "SOL"),
              sex = "Male", age = "18M") +
  scale_y_continuous(name  = "SOL Terminal Mass (mg)",
                     breaks = seq(80, 180, 20),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 1e-2)) +
  coord_cartesian(ylim = c(70, 180), clip = "off")

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "muscle_term_muscle_mass_SOL_18M_male.pdf"),
       height = 1.8, width = 1.4, family = "ArialMT")

Mean Cross-Sectional Area

Mean muscle cross-sectional area (\(\mu m^2\)).

# Function to plot mean CSA and capillary contacts
plot_function <- function(response, 
                          sex, 
                          age, 
                          conf_df, 
                          stats_df,
                          ymin, 
                          ymax) {
  
  x <- MUSCLES %>% 
    dplyr::rename(response = !!sym(response)) %>% 
    filter(!is.na(response)) %>% 
    droplevels.data.frame() %>% 
    filter(age == !!age, sex == !!sex)
  
  conf_df <- filter(conf_df, age == !!age, sex == !!sex)
  
  p <- ggplot(x, aes(x = group, y = response)) +
    geom_crossbar(data = conf_df,
                  aes(x = group, y = response_mean, 
                      ymin = lower.CL, ymax = upper.CL,
                      color = sex),
                  fatten = 1, linewidth = 0.5, width = 0.7) +
    geom_point(shape = 16, size = 0.5,
               position = ggbeeswarm::position_beeswarm(cex = 6, 
                                                        dodge.width = 0.7))
  
  # Y-axis limits
  ylims <- layer_scales(p)$y$range$range
  
  if (missing(ymin))
    ymin <- ylims[1]
  
  if (missing(ymax))
    ymax <- ylims[2]
  
  # y_pos <- x %>% 
  #   group_by(muscle) %>% 
  #   summarise(y.position = max(response))
  y_position <- x %>%
    left_join(select(conf_df, muscle, group, upper.CL),
              by = c("group", "muscle")) %>%
    group_by(muscle) %>%
    summarise(y.position = max(c(response, upper.CL), na.rm = TRUE) +
                0.1 * (ymax - ymin))
  
  stats_df <- stats_df %>%
    filter(signif) %>% 
    filter(age == !!age, sex == !!sex) %>% 
    mutate(contrast = as.character(contrast),
           group1 = sub(" .*", "", contrast),
           group2 = sub(".* ", "", contrast)) %>% 
    left_join(y_position, by = "muscle")
  
  p <- p +
    ggpubr::stat_pvalue_manual(data = stats_df, 
                               label = NULL, 
                               size = 0, # hide asterisks
                               bracket.nudge.y = 0,
                               bracket.size = 0.6) +
    annotation_custom(grob = linesGrob(x = c(0, 1), 
                                       y = unit(-20, "pt"),
                                       gp = gpar(lwd = 0.9)), 
                      xmin = -Inf, xmax = Inf, 
                      ymin = -Inf, ymax = Inf)
  
  ## Modify appearance
  p <- p +
    facet_grid(~ muscle, switch = "x") +
    scale_color_manual(values = c("#ff6eff", "#5555ff"),
                       breaks = c("Female", "Male")) +
    labs(x = NULL) +
    coord_cartesian(ylim = c(ymin, ymax), clip = "off") +
    theme_bw(base_size = 7) +
    theme(text = element_text(size = 7, color = "black"),
          line = element_line(linewidth = 0.3, color = "black"),
          axis.ticks = element_line(linewidth = 0.3, color = "black"),
          panel.grid = element_blank(),
          panel.border = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks.x = element_blank(),
          axis.text = element_text(size = 7,
                                   color = "black"),
          axis.text.x = element_text(size = 7, angle = 90, hjust = 1,
                                     vjust = 0.5),
          axis.title = element_text(size = 7, margin = margin(),
                                    color = "black"),
          axis.line = element_line(color = "black", linewidth = 0.3),
          strip.background = element_blank(),
          strip.text = element_text(size = 7, color = "black", 
                                    margin = margin(b = 0, t = 2)),
          panel.spacing = unit(2, "pt"),
          plot.title = element_text(size = 8, color = "black"),
          plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 7, color = "black"),
          legend.position = "none",
          strip.placement = "outside"
    )
  
  return(p)
}

6M Female

plot_function(
  response = "mean_CSA", sex = "Female", age = "6M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Mean CSA"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Mean CSA"), 
  ymin = 1000, ymax = 2500) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = TeX("Mean CSA ($\\mu m^2$)"),
                     breaks = seq(1000, 2500, 500),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "mean_CSA_6M_female.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_function(
  response = "mean_CSA", sex = "Male", age = "6M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Mean CSA"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Mean CSA"),
  ymin = 1500, ymax = 3500) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = TeX("Mean CSA ($\\mu m^2$)"),
                     breaks = seq(1500, 3500, 500),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "mean_CSA_6M_male.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_function(
  response = "mean_CSA", sex = "Female", age = "18M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Mean CSA"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Mean CSA"), 
  ymin = 1000, ymax = 2500) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = TeX("Mean CSA ($\\mu m^2$)"),
                     breaks = seq(1000, 2500, 500),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "mean_CSA_18M_female.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_function(
  response = "mean_CSA", sex = "Male", age = "18M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Mean CSA"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Mean CSA"), 
  ymin = 1500, ymax = 3500) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = TeX("Mean CSA ($\\mu m^2$)"),
                     breaks = seq(1500, 3500, 500),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "mean_CSA_18M_male.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")

Capillary Contacts

Mean number of muscle capillary contacts (capillaries/fiber).

6M Female

plot_function(
  response = "capillary_contacts", sex = "Female", age = "6M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Capillary Contacts"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Capillary Contacts"),
  ymin = 3, ymax = 5.5) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = "Capillary Contacts (#/fiber)",
                     breaks = seq(3, 5.5, 0.5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "capillary_contacts_6M_female.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")

6M Male

plot_function(
  response = "capillary_contacts", sex = "Male", age = "6M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Capillary Contacts"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Capillary Contacts"),
  ymin = 3, ymax = 5.5) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = "Capillary Contacts (#/fiber)",
                     breaks = seq(3, 5.5, 0.5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "capillary_contacts_6M_male.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")

18M Female

plot_function(
  response = "capillary_contacts", sex = "Female", age = "18M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Capillary Contacts"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Capillary Contacts"),
  ymin = 3, ymax = 5.5) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = "Capillary Contacts (#/fiber)",
                     breaks = seq(3, 5.5, 0.5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "capillary_contacts_18M_female.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")

18M Male

plot_function(
  response = "capillary_contacts", sex = "Male", age = "18M", 
  conf_df = filter(conf_df, response == "Capillary Contacts"), 
  stats_df = filter(MUSCLES_STATS, response == "Capillary Contacts"),
  ymin = 3, ymax = 5.5) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = "Capillary Contacts (#/fiber)",
                     breaks = seq(3, 5.5, 0.5),
                     expand = expansion(mult = 5e-3))

ggsave(file.path("..", "..", "plots", "capillary_contacts_18M_male.pdf"), 
       height = 1.7, width = 1.55, family = "ArialMT")